What Is a Master Subtitle File

A Subtitle Template or Master Subtitle File, sometimes referred to as well as Timed Text Master or Pivot Subtitle File, is a standardised subtitle file that serves as the foundational reference for creating various localised or adapted subtitle versions of a media asset. It is typically created during the post-production phase and ensures consistency in timing, formatting, and content structure. 




A Master Subtitle Template file is typically unusable as a subtitle file as such, as it may contain more words than allowed by a typical maximum reading speed (e.g. 180 words per minute) to allow maximum freedom to operator for the translator, and as it may contain as well styling info and other annotations helpful to create derived versions.


Purpose of a Master Subtitle File

  1. Consistency Across Versions - Acts as a single source of truth for different subtitle languages, avoiding discrepancies in timing and segmentation.

  2. Efficiency in Localisation - Streamlines the process of translating subtitles into multiple languages by providing a synchronized base file.

  3. Enhances Collaboration in Global Productions - Provides a structured file that localization teams, broadcasters, and streaming platforms can work from, ensuring efficient content distribution.

  4. Facilitates Subtitle Formatting & Style - Maintains consistent font styles, positioning, and cue points across all versions, reducing errors and post-production rework.

  5. Compliance with Accessibility Standards - Helps meet regulatory requirements like the European Accessibility Act by maintaining proper readability, character limits, and speaker identification.


Implementation

Typical Components of a Master Subtitle File

  • Timecodes: Defines the in and out times for each subtitle cue.
  • Dialogue Text: The original transcript of the media, either in the source language, or in English as the most common intermediary language
  • Speaker Identification: Labels for different characters or narrators.
  • Positioning & Styling: Placement of subtitles on-screen to avoid visual clutter.


Common File Formats for a Master Subtitle File

Best practice is to use EBU-TT-D (European Broadcasting Union Timed Text) or EBU STL to exchange Subtitle Master File, as they provide maximum support for advanced features like styling and layout.